Anaphylaxis Severity Grade (Ring & Messmer)
Ring & Messmer (1977) anaphylaxis severity grade.
Open the calculator → Runs in your browser. Data leaves only if you deliberately send a problem report from the interactive tool.
Example
- Ring & Messmer grade
- Grade III — life-threatening collapse / bronchospasm
Result: Ring & Messmer grade III: life-threatening cardiovascular collapse and/or bronchospasm; manage as anaphylaxis.
The tool opens with these values already filled in. Replace them with your own.
What the result means
- I
- Cutaneous-mucous signs only (erythema, urticaria ± angioedema); generally not life-threatening.
- II
- Moderate multi-organ features (± hypotension, tachycardia, dyspnea, GI); not immediately life-threatening.
- III
- Life-threatening cardiovascular collapse, arrhythmia, and/or bronchospasm; skin signs may be absent. Manage as anaphylaxis.
- IV
- Cardiac and/or respiratory arrest.
What you enter
- Ring & Messmer grade
How this is calculated
Ring J, Messmer K. Incidence and severity of anaphylactoid reactions to colloid volume substitutes. Lancet. 1977;1(8009):466-469. Read the source ↗
A reference and educational tool. Not medical, legal, or financial advice, and not a substitute for clinician judgment.