PISA Regurgitant Orifice & Volume (EROA)
Proximal-isovelocity-surface-area (PISA) effective regurgitant orifice area and regurgitant volume for valvular regurgitation.
Open the calculator → Runs in your browser. Data leaves only if you deliberately send a problem report from the interactive tool.
Example
- PISA radius
- 0.9 cm
- Aliasing velocity
- 40 cm/s
- Peak regurgitant velocity
- 500 cm/s
- Regurgitant-jet VTI
- 120 cm
Result: EROA 0.41 cm²; regurgitant volume 48.9 mL — severe regurgitation.
The tool opens with these values already filled in. Replace them with your own.
What the result means
- Severity
- Mitral EROA (cm²): severe ≥ 0.40, moderate 0.20–0.39, mild < 0.20; regurgitant volume severe ≥ 60 mL.
What you enter
- PISA radius
- Aliasing velocity
- Peak regurgitant velocity
- Regurgitant-jet VTI
How this is calculated
- Formula
- Flow = 2π·r²·Va; EROA = flow/peak Vreg; regurgitant volume = EROA·VTIreg.
Zoghbi WA, Adams D, Bonow RO, et al. Recommendations for noninvasive evaluation of native valvular regurgitation (ASE). J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2017;30(4):303-371. Read the source ↗
A reference and educational tool. Not medical, legal, or financial advice, and not a substitute for clinician judgment.