Biffl Grade (Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury)
The Biffl (Denver) grading scale for blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI), by the angiographic appearance of the carotid or vertebral artery injury, grades I/II/III/IV/V.
Open the calculator → Runs in your browser. Data leaves only if you deliberately send a problem report from the interactive tool.
Example
- Biffl BCVI grade
- III - pseudoaneurysm
Result: Biffl grade III: pseudoaneurysm.
The tool opens with these values already filled in. Replace them with your own.
What the result means
- Grade I
- Luminal irregularity or dissection with less than 25% narrowing.
- Grade II
- Dissection or hematoma with 25% or more narrowing, thrombus, or raised intimal flap.
- Grade III
- Pseudoaneurysm.
- Grade IV
- Occlusion.
- Grade V
- Transection with free extravasation.
What you enter
- Biffl BCVI grade
How this is calculated
Biffl WL, Moore EE, Offner PJ, Brega KE, Franciose RJ, Burch JM. Blunt carotid arterial injuries: implications of a new grading scale. J Trauma. 1999;47(5):845-853. Read the source ↗
A reference and educational tool. Not medical, legal, or financial advice, and not a substitute for clinician judgment.